How Do Pressure And Temperature Change From Earth's Surface To The Top Of The Thermosphere?
Layers of the Temper
The envelope of gas surrounding the World changes from the basis up. V distinct layers have been identified using...
- thermal characteristics (temperature changes),
- chemical composition,
- motility, and
- density.
Each of the layers are bounded past "pauses" where the greatest changes in thermal characteristics, chemic composition, movement, and density occur.
Exosphere
This is the outermost layer of the atmosphere. It extends from the top of the thermosphere to 6,200 miles (ten,000 km) above the globe. In this layer, atoms and molecules escape into space and satellites orbit the earth. At the bottom of the exosphere is the thermopause located around 375 miles (600 km) to a higher place the earth.
Thermosphere
Between near 53 miles (85 km) and 375 miles (600 km) lies the thermosphere. This layer is known equally the upper atmosphere. While however extremely sparse, the gases of the thermosphere become increasingly denser as one descends toward the globe.
As such, incoming high energy ultraviolet and 10-ray radiation from the sun begins to be captivated by the molecules in this layer and causes a large temperature increase.
Because of this absorption, the temperature increases with height. From as low as -184°F (-120°C) at the lesser of this layer, temperatures tin can reach equally high as 3,600°F (two,000°C) near the peak.
Even so, despite the high temperature, this layer of the atmosphere would still feel very cold to our pare due to the very thin temper. The high temperature indicates the amount of the energy captivated past the molecules only with so few in this layer, the total number of molecules is not enough to heat our skin.
Take information technology to the MAX! The Ionosphere
Mesosphere
This layer extends from around 31 miles (50 km) above the Globe'southward surface to 53 miles (85 km). The gases, including the oxygen molecules, go along to go denser every bit 1 descends. Every bit such, temperatures increment as ane descends ascension to almost 5°F (-fifteen°C) virtually the bottom of this layer.
The gases in the mesosphere are at present thick enough to slow down meteors hurtling into the temper, where they burn up, leaving fiery trails in the night sky. Both the stratosphere (adjacent layer down) and the mesosphere are considered the eye temper. The transition purlieus which separates the mesosphere from the stratosphere is called the stratopause.
Stratosphere
The Stratosphere extends around 31 miles (50 km) down to anywhere from 4 to 12 miles (6 to xx km) to a higher place the World'due south surface. This layer holds 19 per centum of the atmosphere's gases but very piffling h2o vapor.
In this region the temperature increases with superlative. Heat is produced in the process of the germination of Ozone and this rut is responsible for temperature increases from an average -sixty°F (-51°C) at tropopause to a maximum of about 5°F (-15°C) at the top of the stratosphere.
This increase in temperature with height means warmer air is located higher up libation air. This prevents "convection" every bit there is no upwardly vertical move of the gases. As such the location of the bottom of this layer is readily seen by the 'anvil-shaped' tops of cumulonimbus clouds.
Troposphere
Known as the lower atmosphere almost all weather occurs in this region. The troposphere begins at the Earth'due south surface and extends from four to 12 miles (6 to 20 km) high.
The height of the troposphere varies from the equator to the poles. At the equator it is around 11-12 miles (18-20 km) high, at fifty°N and 50°S, 5½ miles and at the poles just under iv miles high.
As the density of the gases in this layer decrease with height, the air becomes thinner. Therefore, the temperature in the troposphere as well decreases with height in response. As one climbs higher, the temperature drops from an average around 62°F (17°C) to -60°F (-51°C) at the tropopause.
Source: https://www.weather.gov/jetstream/layers
Posted by: davisonsert1961.blogspot.com
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